2023年高考真题
1.(2023年新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide
whether ________(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and
risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,
letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【答案】to bite
【详解】考查非谓语动词。与后面to put 并列,空格需填动词不定式.to bite。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
2.(2023年新高考I卷)Shanghai may be the _________(recognize) home of
the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the
neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao\'s birthplace.
【答案】recognized
【详解】考查非谓语动词。空格在名词home前面需用分词作定语,空格与被修饰词是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized作定语。recognized( 被公认的)。意思是上海是公认的汤包的故乡)。
3.(2023年新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,
allowing them ________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or
spilling any of their contents.
【答案】to be lifted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式被动形式to be lifted。句意:最好的小笼包外皮很薄,从蒸笼中被取出来时不会撕裂或洒出任何东西。
4.(2023年新高考I卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough,
yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ________(want) more next time.
【答案】wanting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。这句话中已有谓语动词 am left,所以want这个动词应该为非谓语动词作结果状语,want与逻辑主语是I是主动关系,所以空格用现在分词wanting。句意:无论我在哪里买,一笼都不够,两笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。
5.(2023年新高考II卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the
pandas, which are on loan from China.
【答案】visiting
【详解】考查分词形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
6.(2023年浙江卷1月)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the
Forbidden City, (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the
Inner City and Outer City.
【答案】surrounded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在明朝,紫禁城是中心,它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构,was是谓语动词,空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语,主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
2022年高考真题
1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷)The Chinese government recently
finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). __________(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park,
the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
【答案】Covering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中以及有一谓语动词作非谓语“will be”,且无连词,动词cover需要用非谓语的形式。cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。本句句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。故填Covering。
2.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷) The plan will extend protection
to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected,
bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one
authority ________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in
management.
【答案】to
increase
【详解】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词“will extend”,剩下的这个“increase”作非谓语,由句意可知,increase在此处表示目的,应用动词的不定式的形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填to
increase。
3. (2022年全国高考新高考II卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the
year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor
apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres,
jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___(fall) child.
【答案】falling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
4.(2022年全国高考新高考II卷) Eric
woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a
chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
【答案】to see
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5.(2022年北京卷) One theory, increasingly ________ (support)
by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
【答案】supported
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知,空格处的动词做非谓语,结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”,所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。
6.(2022年浙江卷1月)But Cobb and others are now questioning that
idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and
________(change) their personal behavior to do their part in
dealing with the climate change crisis.
【答案】changing
【详解】考查时态。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change,故填changing。
7.(2022年天津卷)________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on
rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动,James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词形式,结合句意可知,此处意为“为了”表示目的,所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。
8.(2022年天津卷)The city
temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to
enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing B.being allowed
C. having allowed D.having been allowed
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常,使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知,句子谓语动词是have returned,allow用非谓语动词形式作状语,根据句意,表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,故选A。
2021年高考真题
1.(2021年天津卷)China\'s National
Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is
known as the \"heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A.to extend B.extended C.extending D.being extended
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as是整个句子的谓语动词,所以空格处应填非谓语动词,extend与主语China\'s
National Highway 318之间的关系为主动,所以用extending。故选C。
2.(2021年1月浙江卷)The
researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985,urban men and women
in more than three quarters of the countries 34. (study) had higher
BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference
between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35.(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for
people 36. (live) in the countryside, including lower
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer
sports facilities.
【答案】
34.Studied
35.sharply
36.living
【详解】
34.考查非谓语动词。句意:1985年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是countries,表被动关系,故填studied。
35.考查副词。句意:但30年后,许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知,sharp是要修饰动词narrow,用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
36.考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育水平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词may be,故live用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是people,表主动关系,做定语,用现在分词形式,故填living。
3.(2021年新高考I卷)Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how
nature is — always leaving us ________(astonish).
【答案】astonished
【详解】考查分词形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”,补充说明宾语us的感受,应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。
4.(2021年新高考II卷)I decided to do something ________ (educate) people about this problem.
【答案】to educate
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构,________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语,用不定式,所以填to educate。
5.(2021年新高考II卷)I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure
that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
【答案】excited
【详解】考查分词形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语,用形容词,修饰人,用v+ed形式的形容词,所以填excited。