高考英语语法技巧：倒装句、填空改错与写作攻略全解析！

1. 表存在意义的全倒装句

1. 表示存在意义的句型用倒装句，强调存在的方位，有如下几种：

1) There(appear，seem，happen，used to)+be+主语+其他

2) There stand(lie，live，happen)+主语+其他

3)地点状语+谓语+主语+其他

2. 不指具体地点和时间的副词在句首时引起倒装：

There(Here，Now，Then)十come/ go/ be+主语

注意：

1)这里there，now等不指具体地点和时间。

2)谓语动词常是be，go，come，run等不及物动词。

3)主语的数决定谓语动词的数；在两个或两个以上的主语并列存在时，谓语动词的数应与其最近的主语保持一致，详见本书第十二章“主谓一致”。

4)主语是人称代词时，主谓不倒装。

例句：1） Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.

2) There comes a time when everyone has to think for himself.

3）—Look, there comes the bus.

—Oh, there it comes.

4) There is a bed, a desk and two chairs in his room.

5) From the top of the hill could be seen the whole city and its surroundings.

2.副词前置的全倒装句

“表方向的副词In(Out, Away, Down, Up, Back, Off, Over等)+不及物动词+主语+其他”，这种句型多用于生动的描写。

注意：

1)动词多是表示位置移动的动词，如come, go, fly, run, rush, move等。

2)主语是人称代词时，用主谓不倒装结构，即“状语+代词+谓语”。

例句：1） Down jumped the boy from the table.

2) Out she rushed, with tears in her eyes.

3) Up went the price and down came the living standard.

3. 用直接引语中及分词前置的全倒装句

1. 用于直接引语中的倒装句形式如：“直接引语+谓语+主语（+直接引语）”

注意：

1)主语是人称代词时，主谓一般不倒装。

2)谓语较长或带有间接宾语时，不倒装。

2. 为了表达生动把分词置于句首时引起主谓倒装，形式为：“分词+ be+主语+其他”

例句：1）\"Come in sir. \" said the girl with long hair .

2）Walking side by side with the young man is a pretty girl.

3) Gone forever are the days when we Chinese people must depends on others.

4. so／neither／nor/表语前置的全倒装句

1. “（肯定句）+ so +助动词或情态动词+主语”，这种句型表示前文所谈情况也适用于下文的另一人或物。

注意：如果主语指的是同一人或物，so只是起强调作用，放在前面，主谓语用正常语序。

2. “（否定句）+ neither/ nor+助动词或情态动词+主语”，表示前文所谈的否定情况，也适合于后文的他人他物。

3. 表语放句首时引起句子倒装，其形式为：“表语+联系动词+主语（名词）+其他”。

例句：1） They have all got up, and so has Jack.

2) If she doesn\'t go there, neither will I.

二、 部分倒装

1. 否定词前置的部分倒装句

“否定词语+助动词或情态动词+主语+谓语”，这种句型用于强调否定的意义。常见的否定词语有：never, little, seldom, hardly, rarely, not until, in no time, in no way, byno means, nowhere, not a bit, at no time, scarcely, not, under no circumstances, at no point, on no condition/ account, few, neither等。

例句：1） Never will lost time come again.

2) Not until he had talked to them, did he realize he had been wrong.

3）In no other way can we explain the matter to those who suspect our intention.

2. only前置的部分倒装句

“Only+状语+助动词+主语+谓语+其他”，这种句型用于强调和限定状语的意义，常表示‘‘只有……才……。”

注意：当only强调和限定的是主语，即“Only+主语”放句首时，语序不倒装。

例句：1）Only when the war was over in 1918， was he able to get back to work.

2)Only in the dream world can I fly as a bird and swim as a fish freely.

3.几个固定的部分倒装句

表示“一……就……”时，用以下句型：

1) No sooner+had+主语+过去分词+than十从句

2) Hardly+had+主语+过去分词+when+从句

3) Scarcely+主语+过去分词+when+从句

“Not only\'+助动词+主语+谓语十其他+but also+（省略的）并列句”表示“不但……而且....”，用于说明前后并列句的情况一致，在语气上更强调后者。

注意：

1) not only…but also连接两个并列主语时，主语后的语序不倒装。

2)连接两个并列分句时，not only引导的前一个分句倒装，后一个则用正常语序。

例句：1） Hardly had I left the office when it began to rain.

2) No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.

3) Not only men but also women and children are affected by the law.

4.虚拟语气中的部分倒装句

虚拟语气条件句中省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：“Were(had，should)+主语+谓语动词+虚拟主句”。

例句：1） Had I known it , I would have phoned you.

2）Should he act like that again, he would be published.

5. 让步状语从句中的部分倒装形式

as/ though引导的让步状语从句，其倒装形式为：“副词／形容词／名词／动词十as(though，that)+主语十谓语”，相当于although引导的让步状语从句。

例句：1） Cold as the weather was, we got up very early as usual.

2） Short of money as he was， he wanted to buy his daughter a Christmas gift.

注意：

1)这种句型中提前的常是限制主语的形容词、副词、过去分词或名词。

2)提前的表语是单数可数名词时，名词前不加a/ an；但是有形容词修饰的名词前置时，不定冠词不能省略。

3)动词提前后，主语后还应有一个情态动词may，might等或助动词do等。

6. 频率副词so，such，neither…nor前置的部分倒装句

1. “Often (Always, Once, Once a week, Frequently, Many a time, Now and again, Thus, Hence)+助动词+主语+谓语十其他”，用于强调前置的状语所表示的意义。

2. “So+形容词／副词十助动词十主语十that-结果状语从句”，用于强调形容词／副词所表示的意义。

3. “Such+（a/an十）形容词+名词+助动词+主语+that-结果状语从句”，用于强调名词所表示的意义。

4. “neither+助动词+主语+谓语十其他…nor+主语+（并列省略句）”表示“既不……也不……’’。

例句：1） So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

2) So strangely is she dressed that her classmates often make fun of her.